describe how plasmids and viruses can act as vectors which take up pieces of DNA then insert this recombinant DNA into other cells.
-1) plasmid- found in bacteria cells they are a ring of DNA, very small and dont carry many genes.
-2) virus- protein shell called a capsid, inside will be a nucleic acid (DNA OR RNA) the virus has no other components eg. nucleus or cytoplasm.
-3- human chromosome- length of DNA. identify gene- codes for protein insulin- hormone controlling blood sugar levels.
restriction enzyme is selected that can cut DNA.
take plasmid ring and cut it with the same restriction enzyme leaves a gap in plasmid (broken ring structure)
introduce human insulin gene to plasmid.
apply second enzyme DNA ligase which will join the DNA together.
human gene and plasmid DNA is called recombinant DNA
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